Generator Not Producing Power (Reasons & Solution)

In times of power outages or during off-grid ventures, a generator can be a lifesaver. However, there can be times when your generator fails to deliver, leaving you in a frustrating situation.

Understanding the potential reasons for these hiccups, along with their corresponding solutions, can help you get back on track swiftly.

In this article, we will look into why your generator might not produce power and simple, beginner-friendly ways to fix them.

Common Reasons of Generator Doesn’t Produce Power and How to Fix It?

Here is the most commonly faced issue which is why your generator doesn’t power. let’s have a closer look.

Loss of Residual Magnetism

Residual magnetism is the leftover magnetic field in the generator’s iron core, which is crucial for the generation of electricity. When the generator is running, the rotor’s motion in the magnetic field generates electricity. When the generator is turned off, a small amount of magnetism remains in the iron core, hence the term ‘residual magnetism’.

However, if a generator has not been used for an extended period, or if it was run without a load for a while, it might lose this residual magnetism. This loss could prevent the generator from producing electricity the next time you try to start it, as there’s no magnetic field to get the process going.

Solution

If your generator loses its residual magnetism, it needs to be ‘re-energized’ or ‘flashed’ — essentially, the process of reintroducing that lost magnetism. Here’s a simple way to do this:

1. Start the generator and allow it to run on no load.
2. Take a drill with a power cord and plug it into the generator’s 120-volt outlet.
3. With the generator running, trigger the drill to run. This should not work if the generator has lost its residual magnetism.
4. While keeping the drill running (even though it isn’t spinning), physically spin the drill’s chuck (the part that holds the drill bit) in the normal operating direction. This will send a small amount of current into the generator.
5. Continue spinning the drill chuck for a minute or so.

This process works because, by spinning the drill, you’re effectively turning it into a small generator, which produces a current that flows back into the generator’s windings, restoring the magnetic field.

Defective AVR (Automatic Voltage Regulator)

The Automatic Voltage Regulator (AVR) is a critical component of your generator. It is responsible for regulating the generator’s output voltage. When the generator is running, the AVR controls the voltage it produces to ensure a steady, constant voltage level is maintained, regardless of the load on the generator.

When the AVR is defective, it can’t control the output voltage correctly, leading to a fluctuating voltage supply. In extreme cases, a faulty AVR could prevent the generator from producing any power at all. The AVR can become defective due to various reasons such as a power surge, overheating, or wear and tear over time.

Solution

If your AVR is defective, it’s usually best to replace it with a new one. However, the process of replacing an AVR can be slightly complex, especially for beginners.

Here are general steps to replace a faulty AVR:

1. First, turn off the generator and disconnect it from any load.
2. Open the generator’s cover to access the AVR. It is typically located near the generator’s alternator.
3. Disconnect the old AVR from the generator. There should be a few wires connected to it. Take a picture before removing the wires to remember their correct placement.
4. Remove the faulty AVR and replace it with the new one. Make sure you connect all the wires in the correct places as per the picture taken before.
5. Once you’ve installed the new AVR, close up the generator, reconnect the load, and test the generator.

Poor Connection

Poor connections can cause your generator to fail. Ensure all connections are secure and free of corrosion. Clean any rusty or dirty contacts and replace any damaged wires or plugs.

Tripped Breaker or Defective Breaker

The breaker in your generator is a safety device that prevents electrical overloads and short circuits. It achieves this by interrupting the flow of electricity when the current flow exceeds the breaker’s capacity. When the breaker “trips,” it cuts power to the generator’s outlets, preventing it from supplying power.

A defective breaker, on the other hand, is one that either doesn’t trip when it should, leading to potential electrical hazards, or trips too frequently, even when the electrical load is within acceptable limits.

Solution

For a Tripped Breaker:

1. Turn off the generator and disconnect any devices that are plugged into it.
2. Locate the circuit breaker on your generator. It’s usually a switch or button on the control panel.
3. Reset the breaker by moving it to the ‘OFF’ position, then switch it back to the ‘ON’ position.
4. Restart your generator and reconnect the devices one at a time, checking that the breaker doesn’t trip again after each device is plugged in.

For a Defective Breaker:

If the breaker is defective and either not tripping when it should or tripping too frequently, it must be replaced. The process generally involves:

1. Disconnecting the generator from the power source.
2. Removing the old breaker by unscrewing it from the mount and disconnecting the wires attached to it.
3. Installing the new breaker by connecting the wires to it and screwing it back into place.

Please note that replacing a breaker can involve dealing with high voltages, so if you’re not completely comfortable doing this yourself, it’s best to hire a professional electrician.

Worn Brushes

Brushes are critical components of the generator’s alternator. They provide a connection between the rotating and stationary parts of the alternator, helping to transfer current. Over time and through use, these brushes can wear down or become damaged, which can affect the generator’s ability to produce power effectively.

Solution

If the brushes are worn out, they’ll need to be replaced. Here’s a basic guide to doing that:

1. Disconnect the generator from any power source.
2. Open the generator’s casing to access the brushes.
3. Remove the worn-out brushes. Usually, they’re held in place with screws.
4. Install the new brushes and secure them in place.
5. Reassemble the generator and test it to make sure it’s functioning correctly.

Defective Capacitor

A capacitor in a generator helps regulate the flow of electrical charge. If it’s defective, the generator may produce inconsistent power or no power at all.

Solution

Replacing a defective capacitor is the most effective solution:

1. Disconnect the generator from any power source and let it cool down if it was recently in use.
2. Open the generator to access the capacitor. It’s usually a cylindrical component.
3. Disconnect the defective capacitor. Remember to take a picture before you disconnect the wires to remember their proper placement.
4. Connect the new capacitor, referring to your previous picture for proper wire placement.
5. Close up the generator, reconnect the power, and test the generator.

Blockage

Just like any mechanical device, a generator can suffer from blockages that can prevent it from running correctly. These blockages could be in the fuel lines, air filters, exhaust systems, or even the cooling system. Dust, debris, or old fuel can all lead to blockages.

Solution

Identify the source of the blockage and then clear it. If the blockage is in the fuel line or filter, you may need to clean or replace the filter or flush the fuel lines. If the air filter is blocked, clean it thoroughly or replace it if necessary. If the exhaust or cooling systems are blocked, remove whatever is causing the blockage.

Excitation Circuit Wiring Error

The excitation circuit in a generator helps to regulate the magnetic field, which is essential for power production. If there’s a wiring error in this circuit, it can cause issues with power output.

Solution

Correcting a wiring error in the excitation circuit usually involves the following steps:

1. Disconnect the generator from any power source.
2. Open the generator’s casing to access the excitation circuit.
3. Carefully examine the wiring. Look for any loose connections, frayed wires, or incorrect connections.
4. If a wiring error is found, correct it by properly connecting the wires.
5. Once the error has been corrected, close up the generator and test it.

Grounded Or Broken Generator Excitation Winding

In an electric generator, the excitation windings, also known as field windings, play a critical role in producing the magnetic field necessary for inducing electricity. These windings, made up of coils of wire, can occasionally break or ground.

A broken winding means the continuity of the coil is interrupted, effectively breaking the circuit, which will prevent the generator from producing electricity. On the other hand, grounded winding means the coil’s insulation has worn away, causing the winding to touch the metal body of the generator, creating a direct path to the ground. This can cause short circuits and pose a safety hazard.

Solution

If you suspect a grounded or broken winding, the following steps can guide you:

1. Disconnect the generator from any power source.
2. Open the generator’s casing to expose the windings.
3. Using a multimeter, check the resistance of the windings. A broken winding will show infinite resistance, while a grounded one will show a resistance much lower than normal.
4. If a winding is broken, it will need to be rewound, which involves removing the old winding and replacing it with new wire.
5. If a winding is grounded, you will need to identify the location where the winding is touching the generator’s body and re-insulate it.

Both processes are delicate and require knowledge of generator mechanics and electrical systems. They also pose potential safety risks, so if you’re not comfortable with this level of repair, it’s recommended to hire a professional.

Disengaging The Start Switch Too Soon

This issue often comes up with electric-start generators. If you disengage the switch too soon, the generator might not have had enough time to start the combustion process, establish a stable operation, and begin the electricity generation process.

Solution

The solution to this problem is straightforward:

1. Refer to your generator’s owner’s manual to find the recommended amount of time for holding the start switch. This duration can vary depending on the make and model of the generator.
2. When starting the generator, make sure to hold the start switch for the full recommended duration. Don’t release it until the generator has had enough time to start properly.
3. After the generator starts, allow it to run for a few minutes without any load to ensure it’s operating stably before you connect any appliances or devices.

By correctly engaging the start switch, you can ensure a smooth start-up and steady power production from your generator. If you still experience issues despite following these steps, it might be worth consulting with a professional as there could be other underlying problems.

Problem with Outlets

A common issue that might prevent your generator from delivering power is a problem with the outlets on the generator itself. These problems can range from physical damage to the outlets, such as burns or cracks, to internal issues like wiring problems or circuit faults. Even a simple issue like dust or debris inside the outlets could potentially cause problems.

Solution

If you have issues with your generator’s outlets, you can try the following steps:

1. First, inspect the outlets visually for any obvious signs of damage. Look for burns, cracks, or anything that looks out of the ordinary.
2. Clean the outlets. If there’s dust or debris in the outlets, it could be preventing a good connection. Use a can of compressed air to gently blow out any debris.
3. Check the wiring. If there’s no visible external damage, the issue could be internal. If you’re comfortable doing so, you can remove the cover of the outlet and inspect the wiring. Look for any loose connections or signs of damage.
4. If an outlet is physically damaged or has internal wiring problems, you may need to replace it. This involves disconnecting the old outlet, installing a new one, and connecting the wires.

Lack of Fuel or Stale Fuel

Generators need fresh fuel to run. If your generator has old or stale fuel, it may fail to start. Ensure that you use fresh fuel and that the generator’s tank is adequately filled.

Damaged or Dirty Spark Plug and Blocked Air Filter

A dirty spark plug or a blocked air filter can impede the generator’s function. Regular maintenance, including cleaning the air filter and changing the spark plug when necessary, can keep your generator running smoothly.

Dead or Insufficiently Charged Battery

A dead or low-charged battery can prevent your generator from starting. Regularly check the battery charge level and replace or recharge as necessary.

Faulty Alternator and Low Oil Level

A faulty alternator can lead to power production problems. Similarly, a low oil level in a generator can trigger the low-oil shutdown feature, stopping the generator. Regular maintenance can help prevent these issues.

Generator Overload

Overloading your generator can cause it to shut down. Be sure to not exceed your generator’s power capacity.

Old or Damaged Generator Components and Faulty Control Board

Damaged parts or a faulty control board can prevent the generator from working correctly. Regular check-ups can identify potential problems, and replacements or repairs can be made as necessary.

Incorrectly Set Breakers and Extreme Environmental Conditions

If the breakers are incorrectly set, they can cause problems. Always ensure they’re correctly set. Also, remember, extreme environmental conditions can impact generator performance. Protect your generator from harsh weather conditions as much as possible.

FAQ

Brand-specific like Generac, Honda, Predator, Champion, or RV generators running but have no power

If your Generac, honda, predator champion, or other generator brands is running but not producing power, the issue might be due to a variety of reasons:

1. Tripped Circuit Breakers: Check the circuit breakers on your generator. If they’ve tripped, reset them.
2. Defective AVR (Automatic Voltage Regulator): The AVR might be defective or malfunctioning, preventing the generator from producing power. This might require professional assistance to diagnose and fix.
3. Faulty Alternator: A fault in the alternator could prevent the generator from producing power. You may need to have the alternator inspected or replaced.
4. Wiring Issues: Loose or broken wiring can prevent power from being transmitted. Inspect the wiring and make any necessary repairs.
5. Low Oil Level: Many generators have a low oil shutdown mechanism. Check your oil level to ensure it’s not too low.
6. Outlets Issue: The issue might be with the outlets on the generator itself. Check them for any visible damage or debris.

If the problem persists, it is recommended to get professional help. An experienced technician can accurately diagnose and fix the issue, ensuring your generator returns to proper working order.

The Inverter generator not producing power

If your inverter generator is running but not producing power, there are several potential issues to consider:

1. Eco Mode: If the generator is in Eco mode, it may not be producing power because the load demand is too low. Try switching out of Eco mode to see if power is produced.
2. Overload: If the generator is overloaded, it will stop producing power. Ensure the total power demand of the appliances you are using doesn’t exceed the generator’s output capacity.
3. Low Oil or Fuel: Many inverter generators have a low oil or fuel shutdown feature. Check to see if the oil or fuel level is low and refill if necessary.
4. Faulty AVR (Automatic Voltage Regulator): The AVR, which controls the output voltage, could be malfunctioning. If this is the case, it may require replacement.
5. Tripped Circuit Breakers: Circuit breakers can trip if there is an overload or short circuit. Check to see if any have tripped and reset them.
6. Wiring Problems: If the generator’s wiring is loose, damaged, or disconnected, it could prevent power from being distributed. Inspect the generator’s wiring and repair as necessary.
7. Defective Outlets: Check the outlets on your generator. They may be damaged or blocked by debris.

If these checks do not resolve the issue, it’s best to consult with a professional technician. They can accurately diagnose and fix the problem to ensure your inverter generator is back up and running effectively.

when the generator fails to produce voltage you will check?

f your generator fails to produce voltage, there are several components and factors you should check:

1. Circuit Breakers: The first thing to check is your generator’s circuit breakers. These can trip due to an overload or a short circuit. If they have tripped, reset them.
2. Automatic Voltage Regulator (AVR): The AVR controls the output voltage of your generator. If it’s faulty or not working correctly, the generator may not produce voltage. You might need professional assistance to check and replace the AVR.
3. Residual Magnetism: Generators require residual magnetism to produce voltage. If a generator has not been used for a long time, it may lose its residual magnetism, resulting in the generator running but not producing power. The process to restore it is called ‘flashing the generator.’
4. Wiring: Inspect the generator’s wiring for any signs of damage or disconnections. Loose or damaged wires can prevent voltage from being generated.
5. Outlets: If your generator has multiple outlets, check all of them. It could be that only one or a few outlets are not working, which could indicate a problem with the outlets themselves.
6. Generator Components: Other generator components, such as the capacitor, rotor, or stator, might be defective. These components are complex and may require a professional to diagnose and repair.

If you’ve checked all these components and still can’t identify the problem, it would be best to have a professional technician diagnose and fix the issue.

Conclusion

Understanding why your generator isn’t producing power is the first step toward fixing the issue. Whether it’s due to a loss of residual magnetism, a defective AVR, or an overloaded system, the solutions are usually simple and can be carried out with a bit of know-how. If you can’t figure out the problem, or if the fixes above don’t work, consider seeking professional help.